Kusintha kwazinthu
Chitsanzo choyambirira cha motor stepper chinachokera kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1930 kuchokera ku 1830 mpaka 1860. Ndi chitukuko cha zipangizo zokhazikika za maginito ndi teknoloji ya semiconductor, stepper motor inakula mwamsanga ndikukula.Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1960, China idayamba kufufuza ndikupanga ma motors otsika.Kuyambira pamenepo mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1960, zinali zochepa chabe zazinthu zopangidwa ndi mayunivesite ndi mabungwe ofufuza kuti aphunzire zida zina.Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m’ma 1970 kunali kopambana pakupanga ndi kufufuza.Kuyambira pakati pa zaka za m'ma 70 mpaka pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1980, idalowa mu gawo lachitukuko, ndipo zinthu zosiyanasiyana zogwira ntchito kwambiri zinkapangidwa mosalekeza.Kuyambira pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1980, chifukwa cha chitukuko ndi chitukuko cha ma hybrid stepper motors, teknoloji ya ma hybrid stepper motors aku China, kuphatikizapo teknoloji ya thupi ndi teknoloji yoyendetsa galimoto, yayandikira pang'onopang'ono mlingo wa mafakitale akunja.Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma hybrid stepper motors Ntchito zamadalaivala ake zikuchulukirachulukira.
Monga actuator, stepper motor ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zamakina ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zosiyanasiyana zama automation.Ma steping motor ndi chinthu chotseguka chowongolera chomwe chimasintha ma pompopompo amagetsi kuti akhale osasunthika kapena amzere.Dalaivala wopondayo akalandira chizindikiro cha pulse, amayendetsa galimotoyo kuti azungulire mbali yokhazikika (ie, ma stepping angle) polowera.Kusamuka kwa angular kumatha kuwongoleredwa ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa ma pulses, kuti mukwaniritse cholinga chokhazikitsa molondola.Hybrid stepper motor ndi stepper mota yopangidwa ndikuphatikiza zabwino za maginito okhazikika komanso zotakataka.Lagawidwa mu magawo awiri, magawo atatu ndi magawo asanu.Mbali ziwiri za magawo awiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala madigiri 1.8.Njira ya magawo atatu nthawi zambiri imakhala madigiri 1.2.

Momwe zimagwirira ntchito
Kapangidwe ka injini ya hybrid stepper ndi yosiyana ndi ya reactive stepper mota.Stator ndi rotor ya hybrid stepper motor zonse zimaphatikizidwa, pomwe stator ndi rotor ya hybrid stepper motor zimagawidwa m'magawo awiri monga momwe tawonetsera pachithunzichi.Mano ang'onoang'ono amagawidwanso pamtunda.
Mipata iwiri ya stator ili bwino, ndipo ma windings amakonzedwa pa iwo.Pamwambapa pali ma motors awiri agawo 4, omwe 1, 3, 5, ndi 7 ndi maginito a A-gawo, ndipo 2, 4, 6, ndi 8 ndi maginito a B-gawo.Mapiringiro oyandikana ndi maginito a gawo lililonse amawomberedwa mbali zosiyanasiyana kuti apangitse kuzungulira kwa maginito monga momwe zasonyezera mayendedwe a x ndi y pachithunzi pamwambapa.
Mkhalidwe wa gawo B ndi wofanana ndi wa gawo A. Mipata iwiri ya rotor imagwedezeka ndi theka la phula (onani Chithunzi 5.1.5), ndipo chapakati chimalumikizidwa ndi chitsulo chokhazikika chokhala ndi mphete.Mano a magawo awiri a rotor ali ndi maginito otsutsana.Malinga ndi mfundo yomweyi ya mota yothamanga, bola injiniyo ili ndi mphamvu mwadongosolo la ABABA kapena ABABA, chopondapo chimatha kuzungulira motsatana ndi koloko kapena koloko.
Mwachiwonekere, mano onse omwe ali pagawo lofanana la masamba a rotor ali ndi polarity yofanana, pamene polarities ya magawo awiri a rotor ya zigawo zosiyana ndi zosiyana.Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa hybrid stepper motor ndi reactive stepper motor ndikuti pamene maginito okhazikika a maginito achotsedwa, padzakhala malo oscillation ndi malo otuluka.
Rotor ya hybrid stepper motor ndi maginito, kotero makokedwe omwe amapangidwa pansi pa stator panopa ndi yayikulu kuposa ya reactive stepper motor, ndipo mbali yake yamayendedwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yaying'ono.Chifukwa chake, zida zamakina a CNC zachuma nthawi zambiri zimafunikira hybrid Stepper motor drive.Komabe, rotor wosakanizidwa ali ndi dongosolo lovuta kwambiri komanso lozungulira lalikulu, ndipo liwiro lake ndi lotsika kuposa la injini yogwira ntchito.

Mapangidwe ndi kuyendetsa galimoto
Pali opanga ambiri apakhomo a stepper motors, ndipo mfundo zawo zogwirira ntchito ndizofanana.Zotsatirazi zimatenga gawo limodzi la magawo awiri a hybrid stepper motor 42B Y G2 50C ndi oyendetsa SH20403 monga chitsanzo kuti adziwitse kapangidwe kake ndi njira yoyendetsera ya hybrid stepper motor.[2]
Magawo awiri a hybrid stepper motor motor
Poyang'anira mafakitale, kapangidwe kamene kamakhala ndi mano ang'onoang'ono pamitengo ya stator ndi mano ambiri a rotor monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1 angagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo mbali yake ya sitepe ikhoza kukhala yaying'ono kwambiri.Chithunzi 1 awiri

Chithunzi chojambula cha gawo la hybrid stepping motor, ndi chithunzi cha mawaya a ma stepping motor mumkuyu. kuzungulira kwa stator.Mitengo 7 ya maginito ndi ya A-phase winding, ndipo maginito 2, 4, 6, ndi 8 ndi maginito a B-phase.Pali mano 5 pamtunda uliwonse wa stator, ndipo pali ma windings olamulira pa thupi la mtengo.Rotor imakhala ndi chitsulo chowoneka ngati mphete ndi magawo awiri azitsulo zachitsulo.Chitsulo cha maginito chokhala ngati mphete chimapangidwa ndi maginito munjira ya axial ya rotor.Zigawo ziwiri zazitsulo zachitsulo zimayikidwa kumapeto kwa chitsulo cha maginito motsatira, kotero kuti rotor imagawidwa muzitsulo ziwiri za maginito mu njira ya axial.Mano 50 amagawidwa mofanana pakatikati pa rotor.Mano ang'onoang'ono pazigawo ziwiri za pachimake amagwedezeka ndi theka la phula.Kutalika ndi m'lifupi mwa rotor yokhazikika ndizofanana.

Njira yogwirira ntchito yamitundu iwiri ya hybrid stepping motor
Mapiritsi a magawo awiri akamazungulira magetsi motere, mapindikidwe a gawo limodzi okha ndi omwe amapatsidwa mphamvu pa kugunda, ndipo ma beats anayi amapanga kuzungulira.Mphamvu yamagetsi ikadutsa pamayendedwe owongolera, mphamvu ya magnetomotive imapangidwa, yomwe imalumikizana ndi mphamvu ya magnetomotive yopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosatha cha maginito kuti ipange torque yamagetsi ndikupangitsa kuti rotor isunthe pang'onopang'ono.Pamene mafunde a A-gawo ali ndi mphamvu, S maginito pole yopangidwa ndi mafunde pa rotor N kwambiri mzati 1 amakopa rotor N pole, kotero kuti maginito pole 1 ndi dzino-to-dzino, ndi maginito maginito mizere kulunjika. kuchokera ku rotor N pole mpaka dzino pamtunda wa maginito 1, ndi maginito pole 5 Dzino mpaka dzino, mitengo ya maginito 3 ndi 7 ndi dzino-to-groove, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 4.
Chithunzi cha A-phase energized rotor N kwambiri stator rotor balance.Chifukwa mano ang'onoang'ono pazigawo ziwiri za rotor pachimake amagwedezeka ndi theka la phula, pa S pole ya rotor, S pole magnetic field yopangidwa ndi maginito matabwa 1 'ndi 5' amathamangitsa S pole ya rotor, zomwe ziri ndendende dzino-to-slot ndi rotor, ndi mtengo 3 ' Ndipo 7′tooth pamwamba amapanga N-pole magnetic field, yomwe imakopa S-pole ya rotor, kuti mano ayang'ane ndi mano.Chojambula cha rotor N-pole ndi S-pole rotor balance pamene mapiringidzo a A-gawo apatsidwa mphamvu akuwonetsedwa pa chithunzi 3.

Chifukwa rotor ili ndi mano 50, ngodya yake ndi 360 ° / 50 = 7.2 °, ndipo chiwerengero cha mano omwe ali ndi phula lililonse la stator si chiwerengero.Choncho, pamene gawo A la stator lipatsidwa mphamvu, N pole ya rotor, ndi mtengo wa 1 Mano asanu amatsutsana ndi mano a rotor, ndi mano asanu a magnetic pole 2 a gawo B akuyenda pafupi ndi mano ozungulira ali ndi 1/4 phula molakwika, mwachitsanzo, 1.8 °.Kumene bwalo limakokedwa, mano a A-gawo maginito pole 3 ndi rotor adzasamutsidwa 3.6 °, ndipo mano adzakhala ogwirizana ndi grooves.
Mzere wa maginito ndi wokhotakhota wokhota kumapeto kwa N-mapeto a chozungulira → A (1) S maginito pole → mphete ya maginito → A (3 ') N pole → chozungulira S-mapeto → chozungulira N-mapeto.Gawo A likazimitsidwa ndipo gawo B lipatsidwa mphamvu, maginito pole 2 imapanga N polarity, ndipo mano a S pole rotor 7 omwe ali pafupi nawo amakopeka, kotero kuti rotor imazungulira 1.8 ° mozungulira kuti ikwaniritse maginito 2 ndi mano ozungulira mpaka mano. , B Kukula kwa gawo la mano a stator of the phase winding akuwonetsedwa mkuyu.
Mwachifaniziro, ngati mphamvu ikupitilizidwa mu dongosolo la kumenyedwa kwa anayi, rotor imazungulira sitepe ndi sitepe molunjika.Nthawi iliyonse mphamvu ikuchitidwa, phokoso lililonse limazungulira 1.8 °, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mbali imodzi ndi 1.8 °, ndipo rotor imazungulira kamodzi Imafunika 360 ° / 1.8 ° = 200 pulses (onani Zithunzi 4 ndi 5).

N'chimodzimodzinso kumapeto kwambiri kwa rotor S. Pamene mano opindika ali otsutsana ndi mano, maginito mzati wa gawo limodzi pafupi ndi izo ndi misaligned ndi 1.8 °.3 Stepper motor driver Stepper motor iyenera kukhala ndi dalaivala ndi wowongolera kuti azigwira bwino ntchito.Udindo wa dalaivala ndikugawa ma pulse owongolera mu mphete ndikukulitsa mphamvu, kotero kuti ma windings a stepper motor amalimbikitsidwa mwanjira inayake kuti aziwongolera kuzungulira kwa mota.Dalaivala wa stepper motor 42BYG250C ndi SH20403.Pamagetsi a 10V ~ 40V DC, ma terminals a A +, A-, B +, ndi B ayenera kulumikizidwa kumayendedwe anayi a motor stepper.Ma terminals a DC + ndi DC amalumikizidwa ndi magetsi a dalaivala a DC.Dongosolo lolumikizira limaphatikizapo cholumikizira wamba (kulumikiza ku terminal yabwino yamagetsi olowera)., Kulowetsa kwa siginecha ya Pulse (kulowetsa ma pulse angapo, omwe amaperekedwa mkati kuti ayendetse ma stepper motor A, B gawo), kuyika kwa siginecha yolowera (kutha kuzindikira kusinthasintha kwabwino ndi koyipa kwa ma stepper motor), kulowetsa siginecha popanda intaneti.
Benefitseedit
The hybrid stepping motor agawidwa m'magawo awiri, magawo atatu ndi magawo asanu: mbali ziwiri zopondapo ngodya nthawi zambiri zimakhala madigiri 1.8 ndipo mbali zisanu zolowera nthawi zambiri zimakhala madigiri 0,72.Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ngodya ya sitepe, mlingo wa sitepe umachepetsedwa, ndipo kulondola kumawonjezeka.Ma step motor ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Ma hybrid stepper motors amaphatikiza zabwino zonse zotakataka komanso zokhazikika maginito stepper motors: kuchuluka kwa ma poli awiri ndi ofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa mano ozungulira, omwe amatha kusiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana momwe amafunikira;inductance yozungulira imasiyanasiyana
Kusintha kwa malo a rotor ndikochepa, kosavuta kukwaniritsa kuwongolera koyenera;axial magnetization magnetic circuit, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zatsopano za maginito zokhazikika zokhala ndi maginito apamwamba kwambiri, zimathandizira kukonza magwiridwe antchito agalimoto;rotor maginito zitsulo amapereka chisangalalo;palibe oscillation zoonekeratu.[3]