Pulojekitiyi ikufotokoza momwe galimoto ya DC ingasunthire kutsogolo kapena kubwerera kumbuyo pogwiritsa ntchito TV kapena DVD remote control.Cholinga chake ndi kupanga dalaivala wosavuta wabi-directional motor yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito modulated infrared (IR) 38kHz pulse train pacholinga chake osagwiritsa ntchito microcontroller kapena mapulogalamu.

Chitsanzo cha wolemba chikuwonetsedwa mkuyu.

Chizungulire ndi ntchito

Circuit chithunzi cha polojekiti ikuwonetsedwa mkuyu. 2. Imamangidwa mozungulira IR wolandila gawo TSOP1738 (IRRX1), counter counter 4017B (IC2), motor driver L293D (IC3), PNP transistor BC557 (T1), awiri BC547 NPN transistors ( T2 ndi T3), 5V yoyendetsedwa ndi magetsi (IC1), ndi batire ya 9V.

Batire ya 9V imalumikizidwa kudzera pa diode D1 kupita ku voltage regulator 7805 kuti ipange 5V DC yofunikira pa ntchitoyi.Capacitor C2 (100µF, 16V) imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokana ripple.

M'malo abwinobwino, pini yotulutsa 3 ya IR module IRRX1 ili pamtunda wokwanira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti transistor T1 yolumikizidwa nayo yadulidwa ndipo chotengera chake chosonkhanitsa chili chotsika.Wosonkhanitsa wa T1 amayendetsa kugunda kwa koloko yazaka khumi IC2.

Poloza chakutali ku gawo la IR ndikukanikiza kiyi iliyonse, gawoli limalandira ma 38kHz IR pulses kuchokera pa remote control.Ma pulse awa amalowetsedwa kwa wosonkhanitsa T1 ndikupatsidwa pini yolowetsa wotchi 14 ya IC2 yazaka khumi.

Kuthamanga kwa IR komwe kukufika kumachulukitsa kauntala yazaka khumi pamlingo womwewo (38kHz) koma chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa RC fyuluta (R2=150k ndi C3=1µF) pa pini yolowetsa wotchi 14 ya IC2, masitima apamtunda amawonekera ngati kugunda kumodzi kauntala.Chifukwa chake, podina kiyi iliyonse, kauntala imapita patsogolo ndi kuwerengera kumodzi kokha.

Kiyi yakutali ikatulutsidwa, capacitor C3 imatuluka kudzera pa resistor R2 ndipo mzere wa wotchiyo umakhala ziro.Chifukwa chake nthawi iliyonse wogwiritsa ntchito akamakanikizira ndi kutulutsa kiyi patali, kauntala imalandira kugunda kamodzi pa wotchi yake ndipo LED1 imawala kutsimikizira kuti kugunda kwalandiridwa.

Pa ntchito pakhoza kukhala zisanu:

Nkhani 1

Pamene kiyi ya remote ikanikizidwa, kugunda koyamba kumafika ndipo kutulutsa kwa O0 kwa kauntala zaka khumi (IC2) kumakwera pomwe mapini O1 kudzera pa O9 amakhala otsika, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ma transistors T2 ndi T3 ali odulidwa.Osonkhanitsa a ma transistors onse amakokedwa pamalo apamwamba ndi 1-kilo-ohm resistors (R4 ndi R6), kotero kuti ma terminals onse a IN1 ndi IN2 a driver driver L293D (IC3) amakhala okwera.Panthawi imeneyi, injiniyo ili kutali.

Nkhani 2

Kiyi ikakanikizidwanso, kugunda kwachiwiri kukafika pamzere wa CLK kumawonjezera kauntala ndi imodzi.Ndiye kuti, kugunda kwachiwiri kukafika, kutulutsa kwa O1 kwa IC2 kumakwera, pomwe zotsalira zotsalira zimakhala zotsika.Chifukwa chake, transistor T2 imachita ndipo T3 imadulidwa.Zomwe zikutanthauza kuti voteji pa chotolera cha T2 amatsika (IN1 ya IC3) ndipo voteji pa chotolera T3 imakhala yokwera (IN2 ya IC3) ndipo zolowetsa IN1 ndi IN2 za dalaivala wa IC3 zimakhala 0 ndi 1, motsatana.Munthawi imeneyi, injini imazungulira kutsogolo.

Nkhani 3

Kiyi ikakanikizidwanso, kugunda kwachitatu komwe kukufika pamzere wa CLK kumawonjezera kauntala ndi imodzi kachiwiri.Chifukwa chake kutulutsa kwa O2 kwa IC2 kumakwera kwambiri.Popeza palibe cholumikizidwa ndi pini ya O2 ndipo mapini otulutsa O1 ndi O3 ndi otsika, kotero ma transistors onse T2 ndi T3 amapita kumalo odulidwa.

Ma terminal otolera a ma transistors onse amakokedwa pamalo apamwamba ndi 1-kilo-ohm resistors R4 ndi R6, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti malo olowera IN1 ndi IN2 a IC3 amakhala okwera.Panthawi imeneyi, injiniyo ilinso yopanda mphamvu.

Nkhani 4

Kiyi ikakanikizidwanso, kugunda kwachinayi komwe kukufika pamzere wa CLK kumawonjezera kauntala ndi kamodzi kwachinayi.Tsopano kutulutsa kwa O3 kwa IC2 kumakwera, pomwe zotsalira zotsalira ndizotsika, kotero transistor T3 imachita.Zomwe zikutanthauza kuti voteji pa otolera T2 imakhala yokwera (IN1 ya IC3) ndi voteji pa otolera T3 amakhala otsika (IN2 wa IC3).Chifukwa chake, zolowetsa IN1 ndi IN2 za IC3 zili pamiyezo 1 ndi 0, motsatana.Munthawi imeneyi, injini imazungulira mozungulira.

Nkhani 5

Pamene kiyi ikanikizidwa kachisanu, kugunda kwachisanu kufika pa CLK line kumawonjezera kauntala ndi kamodzinso.Popeza O4 (pini 10 ya IC2) ili ndi mawaya kuti Bwezeraninso pini yolowetsa 15 ya IC2, kukanikiza kachisanu kumabweretsa IC yazaka khumi kuti ibwerere ku mphamvu yokhazikitsiranso mphamvu yokhala ndi O0 yokwera.

Chifukwa chake, derali limagwira ntchito ngati dalaivala wabi-directional motor yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi infrared remote control.

Kumanga ndi kuyesa

Dera likhoza kusonkhanitsidwa pa Veroboard kapena PCB yomwe kukula kwake kwenikweni kumasonyezedwa mu Mkuyu 3. Mapangidwe a zigawo za PCB akuwonetsedwa mkuyu 4.

Tsitsani ma PDF a PCB ndi Component masanjidwe:Dinani apa

Mukatha kusonkhanitsa dera, gwirizanitsani batire ya 9V kudutsa BATT.1.Onani Tabu la Choonadi (Table 1) kuti ligwire ntchito ndikutsatira njira zomwe zafotokozedwa mu Nkhani 1 mpaka 5 pamwambapa.

Yosinthidwa ndi Lisa